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The Old Testament is separated into three categories: Historical, Poetic, and Prophetic. Each book, though inspired by God, was written by man. Though each author isn’t known for certain, there are many that can be identified.
The Pentateuch is a collection of 5 books in the Old Testament that was written by Moses. Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy are the first 5 books of the Bible and they make up the Pentateuch. This set of books is often referred to as the Law of Moses and is mentioned numerous times throughout the New Testament. Moses is believed to have written these books because scriptures support his authorship. Exodus, Leviticus, and Deuteronomy have direct passages that tell of Moses writing down the law of God. (Ex.17:14,Deut.31:9 etc.)
It is assumed that Joshua was written by himself, but is never stated clearly. Joshua 24:26a says, “And Joshua recorded these things in the Book of the Law of God.” Though Joshua probably wrote this book, he didn’t write passages such as the Sermon on the Mount, which was directly from Jesus Christ. He obviously didn’t write the passage on his death; that section is believed to have been penned by Aaron’s son Eleazar.
The following books from Judges to Job have unidentified authors except for Ezra and Nehemiah. Ezra was a priest who wrote the book after which he was named and Nehemiah was the cupbearer to a Persian king. Ezra and Nehemiah were originally one book in the Hebrew Bible but were later separated into two.
Various people wrote the book of Psalms. Moses is responsible for Psalm 90 which is more like a prayer than a song. Asaph was the author of two psalms, Solomon and Ezra each wrote two, and David wrote at least 73. The remaining psalms have anonymous authors and Ezra may have been the one who actually compiled the psalms to form the book of Psalms.
Proverbs is a book full of wisdom and short sayings and was probably written by Solomon, though there may have been other authors as well. Solomon also wrote Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon. Each of these books falls under the poetic category of the Old Testament. Solomon was a king who had extraordinary wisdom and that wisdom is apparent throughout the books he wrote.
The remaining 17 books of the Old Testament were written by their title’s name and each one was specifically chosen to write exactly what God desired. Though men physically wrote each book of the Bible, God inspired every word and thought.
Questions:
1. Who wrote the Pentateuch?
a. Jesus
b. Moses
c. Joshua
d. Billy Graham
2. Which two books were originally compiled into one book?
a. Genesis and Exodus
b. Joshua and Judges
c. Ezra and Nehemiah
d. The Bible and the Koran
3. Who is responsible for writing more than 70 of the Psalms?
a. Joseph
b. Solomon
c. Ezra
d. David
4. True or False
Each author of the Bible can be identified.
Bibliography:
Morris, Henry. Moses The Author. The Creation Institution. March 26 2004.
Remmers, Arend. The Book of Joshua. Biblecentre. March26 2004.
Joshua. Electronic Christian Media. March 26 2004.
Old Testament Fact File. Daily Bible Study. March 26 2004.
The Songbook of the Old Testament. Truth for the World. March 26 2004.
Books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Believe. March 26 2004
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